Dr
Ahmed Zeynudin Kasim
Current Organisation
Jimma university
Current Job Title
Chief Executive Director ( Vice president level)
Biography
Publications
Introduction: Antibiotic resistances due to extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpCs and carbapenemases have become a major health concern globally and also in Ethiopia. Data on the frequency and molecular characterization of this β-lactamases is scarce or non-existant in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was, therefore, to determine the frequency, susceptibility patterns and molecular characteristics of ESBLs, AmpC and carbapenemases in clinical and environmental isolates of gram-negative bacilli (GNB) in Jimma university specialized hospital (JUSH), in southwest Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: 224 non-duplicate and pure isolates obtained from clinically apparent infections and 29 isolates recovered from stethoscopes were included in the study. Identification of the isolates was performed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Susceptibility testing and phenotypic detection of ESBLs, AmpCs and carbapenemases was performed using Vitek 2 Compact System and MASTDISCSTM AmpC/ESBL Detection set and analyzed using EUCAST breakpoints. Genotypic analysis was performed using Check-MDR CT103 Microarrays. Results: Of the total clinical isolates (n=224), 112 were screen positive for ESBLs. Of these 63.4% (71/112) tested positive for ESBLs encoding genes by Check-MDR array, which corresponds to 91.8% (67/73) of the total Enterobacteriaceae and 10.3% (4/39) of lactose nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli. Among the total ESBLs genes positive isolates, 95.8% (68/71) carried blaCTX-M genes with CTX-M group 1 being the predominant CTX-M Geno-group (97.1%). Among the 122 with positive phenotypic screening test for AmpC beta-lactamases, 23% (n=28) were found positive for AmpC genes. A total of 30 AmpC genes were detected, of which, ACT/MIR were the most common AmpC gene (n=16) followed by DHA (n=12), and one each belonging to CMY and FOX. Among the carbapenem resistant or intermediate isolates (n=12), three clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii were found NDM-1 positive. Of the 51 stethoscopes surveyed, 54.9% (n=28) were found to be contaminated with gram-negative bacilli. 55.2%, and 17.2% of these isolates (n=29) were found positive for ESBLs and AmpC genes, respectively. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a remarkably high prevalence of blaCTX-M genes and revealed the presence of NDM-1 for the first time in Ethiopia. The high level of resistance to β-lactam and non-β-lactam antibiotics and the detection of NDM-1 are alarming and emphasize the need for implementation of strict infection control measures and judicious use of antibiotics in the local setting as well as in the whole region.
Project Title
Julius Clinical Research BV, the Netherlands
EDCTP Project
TMA2016-1661
EDCTP Program
EDCTP2
EDCTP Project Call
EDCTP Clinical Research & Development Fellowship (R&D F)
Host Organisation
| Department | Institution | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Julius Clinical Research BV | NL |
Project Objectives
The main objective is to gain knowledge and practical expertise in many aspects in the set up and conduct of a clinical trial in SSA and to bring back the knowledge to the Home institution.
Study Design
12 months placement at Host Organization , and 6 month reintegration at home institution.
Project Summary
My plan is to apply and disseminate the knowledge and experience gained during the training program up on return to my country and home university are as follows: 1. Promote the generation and use of high quality clinical research essential to achieve our institutional objective and address the national and regional health challenges that can provide national and regional policy-makers with a broad range of high-quality, relevant evidence to inform decision-making 2. Accelerate the already planned clinical trial at Jimma university and promote new collaborative, multidisciplinary research that will have a significant impact on improving health and wellbeing of community in Ethiopia (see at https://clinicaltrials.gov) 3. Significantly contribute the university plan of establishing clinical trial centre and expanding and scaling up of research platform 4. Advocate the reach and quality of Jimma university laboratory of drug quality and contribute to its transformation to institute of pharmaceutical research and biotechnology at Jimma University. 5. Strive to establish and strengthen national and international collaborations between Jimma University, research and academic institutions and pharmaceutical companies across the globe for the development of joint research projects that will meet the current and future clinical research needs of Ethiopia. 6. Share the knowledge and experience gained to fellow worker and provide training to the undergraduate and post graduate students in the field of tropical and infectious disease, medical parasitology and medical microbiology at Jimma University and the country to enhance their research capacity. 7. Play a significant role in improving the quality of malaria and experimental insectary research laboratory to perform effectively, efficiently and sustainably through regular and standardized trainings and assessment Finally, I would like to make note that my participation in the fellowship is further one step forward in achieving my personal career goal and institutional objective.